A separate operating room was installed and equipped. Louis, Missouri, and completed at Cairo, Illinois, was undertaken by the Western Sanitary Commission with both sanitation and comfort in mind. Her conversion to a hospital boat, begun at St. Red Rover, serving first with the Union Army, then with the Union Navy, drew on both military and voluntary medical personnel. But by 1865, typhoid fever, typhus, dysentery, diarrhea, cholera, smallpox, measles, and malaria would claim more lives than gunshot. Sanitary Commission founded in June 1861. Overworked military medical personnel were assisted by voluntary societies coordinated by the U.S. Vaccination was slow sanitation and hygiene were generally poor. Rapid mobilization at the start of the Civil War had vitiated efforts to prevent the outbreak and epidemic communication of disease on both sides of the conflict. Barges, housed over or covered with canvas, were ordered for the care of contagious diseases, primarily smallpox, and were moored in shady spots along the river. However, these transports lacked necessary sanitary accommodations and medical staff, and thus were unable to prevent the spread of disease. Her role was to augment the limited Union medical facilities, to minimize the hazards to sick and wounded in fighting ships, and to facilitate delivery of medical supplies to and evacuation of personnel from forward areas.Ĭivil War care of the sick and wounded Īt the time of Red Rover 's commissioning as a hospital ship, the Union was already using steamers such as the City of Memphis as medical transports to carry casualties upriver. The Union forces repaired her, fitting her out as a summer hospital ship for the Army's Western Flotilla. When the island fell to Union forces on 7 April, the Union gunboat USS Mound City captured Red Rover. 10, near New Madrid, Missouri, she was holed by Union fire during a bombardment of that island sometime before 25 March, leading the Confederates to abandon her as a barracks ship. Serving from 15 March 1862, at Island No. The Confederacy purchased her on 7 November 1861, and initially put her to use as a barracks ship for the floating battery at New Orleans, Louisiana. Red Rover was a side-wheel steamer built in 1859 at Cape Girardeau, Missouri. 5.4 Supporting the White River expedition.5.3 Transferred to the Union Navy's Mississippi operating area.5.2 Vicksburg, Mississippi, hospital service.3 Civil War care of the sick and wounded.In addition to caring for and transporting sick and wounded men, she provided medical supplies to Navy ships along the Western Rivers. Her medical complement included nurses from the Catholic order Sisters of the Holy Cross, the first volunteer females to serve on board a Navy ship. Navy's first hospital ship, serving the Mississippi Squadron until the end of the American Civil War. After refitting the vessel, the Union used it as a hospital ship during the American Civil War. The ship made weekly trips from Savannah, Georgia to New York City until it foundered during a storm off Cape Hatteras on October 23, 1878.USS Red Rover was a 650-ton Confederate States of America steamer that the United States Navy captured. Army, who had experience managing the evacuation of wounded soldiers along the Mississippi River during the western campaigns of 18.Īfter the war, the vessel was sold as surplus to the Atlantic Mail Steamship Co., and it became the General J.K. In November 1864, it was outfitted to carry 449 patients, under the supervision of naval architect Charles Hemje and Assistant Surgeon Alexander Hoff U.S. Barnes, was one of 14 coastal steamships outfitted as a hospital ship to convey the wounded from field hospitals in the south along the Atlantic coast to hospitals in Alexandria, Philadelphia, and New York City. Barnes, named after Surgeon General Joseph K. Barnes in "The Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion" (Volume 2, Part 3).
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He first observes that the lines describing the first and second island chains are ‘drawn on or in close vicinity of Japanese territories.’ Analysts of a geopolitical bent generally trace the first island chain along the Japanese archipelago, the Ryukyus, Taiwan and the Philippine archipelago. How could this familiar concept be utterly empty? Koda gives two reasons. Slap your grandma! quoth I upon reading this, reverting to the Southern vernacular on which I was reared. In the course of the article he makes a mystifying claim, categorically proclaiming that the concept of island chains has ‘no significance,’ from a ‘practical military strategy and planning point of view.’ Koda recently presented me a copy of Harvard Asia Quarterly in which he appraises China’s naval rise from a Japanese standpoint. Now a senior fellow at the Harvard University Asia Center, Adm. His Naval War College Reviewarticle on the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 is a staple of our Intermediate Level Course curriculum, and rightly so. Like many on the Naval War College faculty, I’ve long been a fan of retired Vice Admiral Yoji Koda, a former commander of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) fleet and a learned commentator on marine affairs. As glaciers and polar ice caps started melting 15,000 years ago, flooding of land combined with tidal influence changed the geography of the Keys and their surrounding areas.It never ceases to astound me how malleable our views of seemingly fixed things like geographic features can be. The two dominate rock formations in the Keys are Key Largo Limestone and Miami Oolite.ĭuring this time of lower sea levels, the Florida land mass was much larger than it is today and the area now referred to as Florida Bay was forested. 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Upon launching it, you’re presented with a basic page right in the middle of your screen. Full screen support is simple to implement and, you ask, pretty hard to get wrong but Scrivener’s full screen features blows the competition straight out of the water. You are provided with two default views for opened Binder documents: Corkboard and Outline, both of which are powerful and concise and provide you with an instant bird’s-eye-view of where your project is going.īut that’s not where this app truly shines. You can create as many folders as you wish, and while you feel a little lost at first, you quickly get used to the freedom. The left pane is called the Binder, and its structure is entirely up to you. You can install the extras package and work from there, but it still feels like a far cry from the beautiful simplicity of Storymill.īut that’s only until you realize the power of Scene-by-scene synopses and the sheer amount of side notes, research links, tags and info you can cram around your document. There were too many panes, too much info on the screen and no sign of templates, or steps to achieve a basic novel structure. After meddling with the very simple-to-use Storyist and Storymill, I felt more than a little overwhelmed with the huge amount of options and freedom inherent in Scrivener’s design. I’ll go right ahead and admit that my first experience with Scrivener wasn’t a happy one. Placing events on the timeline itself is also a bit of a chore, as it doesn’t behave the way you’d expect events tend to jump, and aligning on the grid is difficult. Frustrating, and there seems to be no fix in sight. Having set the timeline to Hourly or Daily to get that important, detailed scene just right, you then have to scroll left-to-right all the way to infinity to set the rest of your action. Most stories will partly happen in real time, partly in flashback, memories and long, uneventful stretches of passing time. There is no way to properly manage different timeframes if you set it to display hours, you’ll have hours until the end of your manuscript, which to me seems absolutely useless. Perhaps this is why I moved away from StoryMill altogether while it’s a very nicely designed piece of software overall, the Timeline has always been a frustrating issue for me. It’s a nice compromise between structure and freedom, and it’ll do for most writers.Īgain, this one is strongly geared towards fiction, perhaps even more so than Storyist, with the addition of the Timeline feature which is heavily advertised as its strong point. The sidebar pane is more visually pleasing, but mostly serves the same purpose as Storyist’s you get default panes for Characters, Locations and Research, and the rest is handled via folders and smart views. Fullscreen support is marginally better than Storyist, but only because it’s been implemented longer. The app itself is gorgeous and streamlined, and the interface simply makes you want to sit and write. The team behind StoryMill is much bigger, and mostly this shows in the overall finish and polish that went into its development. Storyist, from Storyist SoftwareĪfter experimenting with Storyist, I moved on to StoryMill, from Mariner Software, the makers of MacJournal and MacGourmet, two very good database-driven applications for OS X. I didn’t include general writing software, like Apple’s Pages or OpenOffice this list is really geared toward organized writing, software that both lets you plan and write from start to finish. Here’s a quick rundown of the most popular ones and their main features. Some of those target fiction writers more than others. There are so many choices now to replace default apps that it can get pretty confusing to find the right tool.īrowsing for writing software is also becoming quite confusing there are now a number of very nicely designed apps that can help you finish or start your projects. With the rising popularity of the Mac OS platform, a number of small developers and software companies have found niche markets for themselves the Getting Things Done crowd, the Tweaking freaks, the App Launchers all have their own list of best-of software titles and nifty little apps. Posted 4 September 2009 by roelani filed under Technology Writing Showdown: Storyist VS Storymill VS Scrivener You must have Cytoscape installed to use this plugin. To use it, download the plugin (,jar file) and put it into the Plugin folder in the Cytoscape application folder. 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In nerve grafts, the mean number of viable axons amounted to 38% of that in control samples. The good long-term functional outcome correlated with dominance of fast fibers in muscle grafts. Severe muscle atrophy correlated with prolonged intraoperative ischaemia. All samples showed intramuscular innervation. Proliferative activity of satellite cells was seen in 60% of the samples and it tended to decline with an increase of follow-up time. In muscle biopsies, the mean muscle fiber diameter was diminished to 40% compared to control values. A correlation was found between good functional outcome and normal muscle structure in MRI. In MRI study, the free MNV flaps were significantly smaller than originally. A majority of the patients (78%) defined their quality of life improved after surgery. The longer the follow-up time after muscle transfer the weaker was the muscle function. In our studies, we found that almost two-thirds of the patients achieved good result in facial reanimation. The structure of MNV muscles and nerve grafts was evaluated using histological and immunohistochemical methods ( Ki-67, anti-myosin fast, S-100, NF-200, CD-31, p75NGFR, VEGF, Flt-1, Flk-1). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of MNV muscle flaps was done, and nerve graft samples (n=37) were obtained in second stage of the operation and muscle biopsies (n=18) were taken during secondary operations. Twenty-seven out of forty patients operated on were interviewed, and the functional outcome was graded. In this thesis, we recorded the long-term results of MNV surgery in facial paralysis and observed the possible contributing factors to final functional and aesthetic outcome after this procedure. Patients with severe long-term facial paralysis are often reanimated with a two-stage procedure combining cross-facial nerve grafting, and 6 to 8 months later with microneurovascular (MNV) muscle transfer. Microneurovascular free muscle transfer with cross-over nerve grafts in facial reanimation Loss of facial symmetry and mimetic function as seen in facial paralysis has an enormous impact on the psychosocial conditions of the patients. The paper provides an overview of recent advances in facial reanimation, including preoperative assessment, surgical reconstruction options, and postoperative management. Postoperative results can be improved with ancillary soft tissue procedures, as well as botulinum toxin. Microvascular free tissue transfer is a reliable technique with reanimation potential whose results continue to improve as microsurgical expertise increases. In long-standing facial paralysis, temporalis muscle transfer gives a dependable and quick result. The best functional results are obtained with direct facial nerve anastomosis and interpositional nerve grafts. The options for dynamic reanimation of the paralyzed face must be examined in the context of several patient factors, including age, overall health, and patient desires. This review delineates common surgical techniques and reviews state-of-the-art techniques. Along with the myriad of new surgical techniques in managing facial paralysis comes the challenge of selecting the most effective procedure for the patient. Facial paralysis often has a significant emotional impact on patients. |